Disaster Areas

Tsunami



Hello, welcome back to my blog...
How are ya?
I hope u always healthy and happy...
So, today I will discuss about tsunami,  do you know what is a tsunami?

Tsunami is large waves of water caused by disturbances on the ocean floor, such as earthquakes.  The cause of tsunamis is usually because there are underwater earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and the fall of large objects such as meteors into the water.


This disturbance forms waves that spread in all directions with wave speeds reaching 600-900 km/hour. At first, the waves have a small amplitude generally around 30-60 cm, so it is not felt in the high seas.  However, the amplitude will increase and enlarge as waves travel towards the coast.  When it reaches the coast, the water level rises like a monster wall with a size of about 15-30 meters, with a speed of 90 km / h, then hits the land and reaches several kilometers from the coast, and causes great damage and casualties.

Geographically, almost all tsunami is occurred in the Pacific Ring of Fire and the Sumatran Trench area in the Indian Ocean.  Indonesia is one of the countries that has experienced the greatest tsunami disaster, therefore let's discuss further ...

1.  Tsunami in Rakata Island "Krakatau" (1883)



Do you know?  Actually, before the tsunami in Aceh in 2004, Indonesia had also experienced a tsunami in 1883. It was known that the cause of the tsunami was due to the devastating volcanic eruption of the Krakatau volcano. 

The 1883 Krakataue ruption took place in the Dutch East Indies, which began on August 26, 1883, and culminated in a violent eruption that brought down the caldera.  On August 27, 1883, 2/3 of Krakatau collapsed in a chain eruption, eliminating most of the surrounding islands

At that time, the tsunami that occurred had killed around 36,000 people.  Until before December 26, 2004, this tsunami was the most devastating in the region The Indian Ocean.  The sound of the eruption was heard reaching Alice Springs, Australia, and Rodrigues Island near Africa, 4,653 kilometers.  Its explosive power is estimated at 30,000 times the atomic bomb that was detonated on Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II.

2. Tsunami in Aceh (2004)


Precisely on December 26, 2004, a 9.1 magnitude earthquake struck the western region of Sumatra at a depth of 30 kilometers.  The underwater "Megathrust" earthquake occurred when the Indian Plate was pushed down by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of deadly tsunamis along the coastline bordering the Indian Ocean causing waves of sea-water as high as 50 meters reaching the land near Meulaboh, Aceh.

This is one of the largest tsunamis in the world, with nearly a thousand ocean tide gauges reporting high waves.  Tsunami waves reaching 30 meters (100 ft) high killed 230.000-280.000 people in 14 countries and submerged a number of coastal settlements.  This earthquake and tsunami are one of the deadliest natural disasters in history.  Indonesia is the country with the worst impacts besides Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.


References:

https://www.google.co.id

https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krakatau

https://www.google.com/amp/s/m.kumparan.com/amp/berita-heboh/5-tsunami-terbesar-yang-pernah-terjadi-di-dunia-1545677104425564991

https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gempa_bumi_dan_tsunami_Samudra_Hindia_2004



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